Digestive System Companion Questions

Know the general digestive processes and be able to categorize different steps
- Ingestion, propulsion, mechanical, chemical, absorption, defecation
Know the digestive processes of each organ
- Mouth / Oral Cavity
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Liver / Gallbladder
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine
Know the structural features of each organ that support their processes
- ex: rugae for increased stomach capacity
- intestinal circular folds to increase surface area
Know the chemcial digestion pathway / flowchart
Know the conditions of enzyme activity (activation / pH)
Know enzyme / hormone sources
- ex: gastrin from G-cells of stomach and intestine
- Amylase from salivary glands and pancreas
Know the various motility of the G.I. Tract
- ex: peristalsis: Esophagus, stomach, intestine
- segmentation: small intestine
Know the absorption processes of the various nutrients
- most: secondary active: Na nutrient water to blood to liver
- lipids: micelle fusion to lacteal (lymph)
- special: endocytosis of Vit B12 via intrinsic factor
Know the differences between Diarrhea and constipation
Know the hormonal signaling of digestion
- cephalic, gastric, early / late intestinal
- ACh, Histamine, Gastrin, CCK, Secretin
- Insulin, Glucagon, Leptin
- Parathyroid Hormone and activate VitD

Processes, Mouth, and Esophagus

Stomach

Small Intestines, Pancreas, Enzymatic Digestion

Liver

Absorption

Regulation